// errorcheck -0 -m -l // Copyright 2015 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. // Test, using compiler diagnostic flags, that the escape analysis is working. // Compiles but does not run. Inlining is disabled. // Registerization is disabled too (-N), which should // have no effect on escape analysis. package main import "fmt" func main() { // Just run test over and over again. This main func is just for // convenience; if test were the main func, we could also trigger // the panic just by running the program over and over again // (sometimes it takes 1 time, sometimes it takes ~4,000+). for iter := 0; ; iter++ { if iter%50 == 0 { fmt.Println(iter) // ERROR "iter escapes to heap$" "... argument does not escape$" } test1(iter) test2(iter) test3(iter) test4(iter) test5(iter) test6(iter) } } func test1(iter int) { const maxI = 500 m := make(map[int][]int) // ERROR "make\(map\[int\]\[\]int\) escapes to heap$" // The panic seems to be triggered when m is modified inside a // closure that is both recursively called and reassigned to in a // loop. // Cause of bug -- escape of closure failed to escape (shared) data structures // of map. Assign to fn declared outside of loop triggers escape of closure. // Heap -> stack pointer eventually causes badness when stack reallocation // occurs. var fn func() // ERROR "moved to heap: fn$" i := 0 // ERROR "moved to heap: i$" for ; i < maxI; i++ { // var fn func() // this makes it work, because fn stays off heap j := 0 // ERROR "moved to heap: j$" fn = func() { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap$" m[i] = append(m[i], 0) if j < 25 { j++ fn() } } fn() } if len(m) != maxI { panic(fmt.Sprintf("iter %d: maxI = %d, len(m) = %d", iter, maxI, len(m))) // ERROR "iter escapes to heap$" "len\(m\) escapes to heap$" "500 escapes to heap$" "... argument does not escape$" "fmt.Sprintf\(.*\) escapes to heap" } } func test2(iter int) { const maxI = 500 m := make(map[int][]int) // ERROR "make\(map\[int\]\[\]int\) does not escape$" // var fn func() for i := 0; i < maxI; i++ { var fn func() // this makes it work, because fn stays off heap j := 0 fn = func() { // ERROR "func literal does not escape$" m[i] = append(m[i], 0) if j < 25 { j++ fn() } } fn() } if len(m) != maxI { panic(fmt.Sprintf("iter %d: maxI = %d, len(m) = %d", iter, maxI, len(m))) // ERROR "iter escapes to heap$" "len\(m\) escapes to heap$" "500 escapes to heap$" "... argument does not escape$" "fmt.Sprintf\(.*\) escapes to heap" } } func test3(iter int) { const maxI = 500 var x int // ERROR "moved to heap: x$" m := &x var fn func() // ERROR "moved to heap: fn$" for i := 0; i < maxI; i++ { // var fn func() // this makes it work, because fn stays off heap j := 0 // ERROR "moved to heap: j$" fn = func() { // ERROR "func literal escapes to heap$" if j < 100 { j++ fn() } else { *m = *m + 1 } } fn() } if *m != maxI { panic(fmt.Sprintf("iter %d: maxI = %d, *m = %d", iter, maxI, *m)) // ERROR "\*m escapes to heap$" "iter escapes to heap$" "500 escapes to heap$" "... argument does not escape$" "fmt.Sprintf\(.*\) escapes to heap" } } func test4(iter int) { const maxI = 500 var x int m := &x // var fn func() for i := 0; i < maxI; i++ { var fn func() // this makes it work, because fn stays off heap j := 0 fn = func() { // ERROR "func literal does not escape$" if j < 100 { j++ fn() } else { *m = *m + 1 } } fn() } if *m != maxI { panic(fmt.Sprintf("iter %d: maxI = %d, *m = %d", iter, maxI, *m)) // ERROR "\*m escapes to heap$" "iter escapes to heap$" "500 escapes to heap$" "... argument does not escape$" "fmt.Sprintf\(.*\) escapes to heap" } } type str struct { m *int } func recur1(j int, s *str) { // ERROR "s does not escape" if j < 100 { j++ recur1(j, s) } else { *s.m++ } } func test5(iter int) { const maxI = 500 var x int // ERROR "moved to heap: x$" m := &x var fn *str for i := 0; i < maxI; i++ { // var fn *str // this makes it work, because fn stays off heap fn = &str{m} // ERROR "&str{...} escapes to heap" recur1(0, fn) } if *m != maxI { panic(fmt.Sprintf("iter %d: maxI = %d, *m = %d", iter, maxI, *m)) // ERROR "\*m escapes to heap$" "iter escapes to heap$" "500 escapes to heap$" "... argument does not escape$" "fmt.Sprintf\(.*\) escapes to heap" } } func test6(iter int) { const maxI = 500 var x int m := &x // var fn *str for i := 0; i < maxI; i++ { var fn *str // this makes it work, because fn stays off heap fn = &str{m} // ERROR "&str{...} does not escape" recur1(0, fn) } if *m != maxI { panic(fmt.Sprintf("iter %d: maxI = %d, *m = %d", iter, maxI, *m)) // ERROR "\*m escapes to heap$" "iter escapes to heap$" "500 escapes to heap$" "... argument does not escape$" "fmt.Sprintf\(.*\) escapes to heap" } }