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spec: review/adjust conversion rules for string(x) where x is a generic type of the for []T (feature request) #50421

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tmr232 opened this issue Jan 4, 2022 · 7 comments
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generics Issue is related to generics NeedsDecision Feedback is required from experts, contributors, and/or the community before a change can be made.
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@tmr232
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tmr232 commented Jan 4, 2022

What version of Go are you using (go version)?

$ go version
go version go1.18beta1 windows/amd64

Does this issue reproduce with the latest release?

Yes (1.18 beta)

What operating system and processor architecture are you using (go env)?

go env Output
$ go env
set GO111MODULE=
set GOARCH=amd64
set GOBIN=
set GOCACHE=C:\Users\tamir.bahar\AppData\Local\go-build
set GOENV=C:\Users\tamir.bahar\AppData\Roaming\go\env
set GOEXE=.exe
set GOEXPERIMENT=
set GOFLAGS=
set GOHOSTARCH=amd64
set GOHOSTOS=windows
set GOINSECURE=
set GOMODCACHE=C:\Users\tamir.bahar\go\pkg\mod
set GONOPROXY=
set GONOSUMDB=
set GOOS=windows
set GOPATH=C:\Users\tamir.bahar\go
set GOPRIVATE=
set GOPROXY=https://proxy.golang.org,direct
set GOROOT=C:\Program Files\Go
set GOSUMDB=sum.golang.org
set GOTMPDIR=
set GOTOOLDIR=C:\Program Files\Go\pkg\tool\windows_amd64
set GOVCS=
set GOVERSION=go1.18beta1
set GCCGO=gccgo
set GOAMD64=v1
set AR=ar
set CC=gcc
set CXX=g++
set CGO_ENABLED=1
set GOMOD=NUL
set GOWORK=
set CGO_CFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_CPPFLAGS=
set CGO_CXXFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_FFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_LDFLAGS=-g -O2
set PKG_CONFIG=pkg-config
set GOGCCFLAGS=-m64 -mthreads -fno-caret-diagnostics -Qunused-arguments -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=C:\Users\TAMIR~1.BAH\AppData\Local\Temp\go-build3924345009=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches

What did you do?

Compile the following code:

func toString[T byte|rune](slice []T) string {
   return string(slice)
}

What did you expect to see?

Since string(...) can take either a []byte or a []rune, I expected the code to compile successfully.

What did you see instead?

Compilation fails with:

cannot convert slice (variable of type []T) to type string

See https://gotipplay.golang.org/p/ZgvdU6Xv9jB

@ALTree
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ALTree commented Jan 4, 2022

cc @griesemer

@ALTree ALTree added this to the Go1.18 milestone Jan 4, 2022
@ALTree ALTree added the NeedsInvestigation Someone must examine and confirm this is a valid issue and not a duplicate of an existing one. label Jan 4, 2022
@rogpeppe rogpeppe added the generics Issue is related to generics label Jan 4, 2022
@griesemer griesemer added NeedsDecision Feedback is required from experts, contributors, and/or the community before a change can be made. and removed NeedsInvestigation Someone must examine and confirm this is a valid issue and not a duplicate of an existing one. labels Jan 4, 2022
@griesemer griesemer self-assigned this Jan 4, 2022
@griesemer
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Pet the current spec rules on generic conversions, this conversion is not permitted.

Note that the following code does work:

func toString[T []byte|[]rune](slice T) string {
        return string(slice)
}

Maybe the rules need to be relaxed.
@ianlancetaylor for additional input.

@tmr232
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tmr232 commented Jan 4, 2022

Thanks!

As motivation for the rule relaxation, I'll present my use-case.

I have a generic type Iterator[T] that represents a Python-like iterator (it can be any other collection that's generic over the element type), and I want to convert it to a string.

Due to the current rules, I cannot just write the following:

func ToString[T rune | uint8](iter Iterator[T]) string {
	return string(ToSlice(iter))
}

Trying to work around it doesn't work either:

func sliceToString[T []rune | []uint8](slice T) string {
	return string(slice)
}

func ToString[T rune | uint8](iter Iterator[T]) string {
	return sliceToString(ToSlice(iter))
}

And fails with

[]T does not implement []rune|[]uint8

Which is hard for me to understand as T is either rune or uint8, making []T effectively []rune|[]uint8.

This means that I'll have to write 2 toString functions. One for rune and one for uint8.
It's not that bad in that one case, but I think it would also mean that code that is generic over string-elements would either need to be written twice (once for uint8 and once for rune), or that it will need non-generic free-functions for converting back to string.

@ianlancetaylor
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Thanks. We're not going to change this for 1.18. In the long run I think we should probably permit this, but let's leave real consideration for later. Thanks.

@ianlancetaylor ianlancetaylor modified the milestones: Go1.18, Go1.19 Jan 4, 2022
@go101
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go101 commented Jan 5, 2022

Per the current spec rules on generic conversions, this conversion is not permitted.

@griesemer Could you more specific on which line in the current spec disallows this conversion? I only found this line

A non-constant value x can be converted to type T in any of these cases:

  • x is an integer or a slice of bytes or runes and T is a string type.

The line doesn't mention type parameters.

@ianlancetaylor
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In your example slice is not a slice of bytes or runes, it is a slice of T, which is a type parameter. The rule you mention ("x is an integer or a slice of bytes or runes and T is a string type") doesn't apply. I'm being pedantic, but that is what the spec is: pedantic.

@griesemer griesemer modified the milestones: Go1.19, Go1.20 Apr 26, 2022
@go101
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go101 commented Sep 23, 2022

Is this the same problem?

type Bytes []byte

func hos[T Bytes](x []byte) T {
	return x // okay
}

func lay[T []byte](x Bytes) T {
	return x // error
}

func rez[T []byte](x Bytes) T {
	return T(x) // okay
}

[edit]: It is not the same problem. It is an assignment rule problem,

@griesemer griesemer modified the milestones: Go1.20, Go1.21 Nov 15, 2022
@griesemer griesemer modified the milestones: Go1.21, Go1.22 Jun 1, 2023
@griesemer griesemer changed the title cmd/compile: calling string(...) on generic slices fails regardless of type constraints. spec: review/adjust conversion rules for string(x) where x is a generic type of the for []T (feature request) Dec 7, 2023
@griesemer griesemer modified the milestones: Go1.22, Go1.23 Dec 7, 2023
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