… versioned binaries

`go build` has chosen the last element of the package import path
as the default output name when -o option is given. That caused
the output of a package build when the module root is the major
version component such as 'v2'.

A similar issue involving `go install` was fixed in
https://golang.org/cl/128900. This CL refactors the logic added
with the change and makes it available as
internal/load.DefaultExecName.

This CL makes 'go test' to choose the right default test binary
name when the tested package is in the module root. (E.g.,
instead of v2.test, choose pkg.test for the test of 'path/pkg/v2')

Fixes #27283
Fixes #30266

Change-Id: I6905754f0906db46e3ce069552715f45356913ae
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/140863
Reviewed-by: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>
(cherry picked from commit bf94fc3)
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/167384
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>

…name for versioned binaries"

This reverts commit 746edd4 (CL 167384).

Reason for revert: Dmitri identified a potential problem in https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/140863/11#message-db0ff6bb2c7b06161ca47de771c4465afa8b1102, and we'd like more time to investigate without holding up the 1.12 release branch.

Updates #27283
Updates #30266
Updates #30821

Change-Id: I49d7bbbe200e80b81899c3bcbf7844717af010aa
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/167617
Reviewed-by: Andrew Bonventre <andybons@golang.org>

… versioned binaries

This change is a re-apply of the reverted CL 140863 with changes to
address issue #30821. Specifically, path.Split continues to be used
to split the '/'-separated import path, rather than filepath.Split.

Document the algorithm for how the default executable name is determined
in DefaultExecName.

Rename a variable returned from os.Stat from bs to fi for consistency.

CL 140863 factored out the logic to determine the default executable
name from the Package.load method into a DefaultExecName function,
and started using it in more places to avoid having to re-implement
the logic everywhere it's needed. Most previous callers already computed
the default executable name based on the import path. The load.Package
method, before CL 140863, was the exception, in that it used the p.Dir
value in GOPATH mode instead. There was a NOTE(rsc) comment that it
should be equivalent to use import path, but it was too late in Go 1.11
cycle to risk implementing that change.

This is part 1, a more conservative change for backporting to Go 1.12.2,
and it keeps the original behavior of splitting on p.Dir in GOPATH mode.
Part 2 will address the NOTE(rsc) comment and modify behavior in
Package.load to always use DefaultExecName which splits the import path
rather than directory. It is intended to be included in Go 1.13.

Updates #27283
Updates #26869
Updates #30821
Fixes #30266

Change-Id: Ib1ebb95acba7c85c24e3a55c40cdf48405af34f3
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/167503
Reviewed-by: Jay Conrod <jayconrod@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Hyang-Ah Hana Kim <hyangah@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 94563de)
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/168958
Run-TryBot: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>